Waqtigan xaadirka ah, iyadoo dadweynuhu ay sii kordheyso raadinta nolol caafimaad leh, waddamada adduunka ayaa si isa soo taraya u xaddidaya sigaarka dhaqameed.194 ka xubnood ee WHO ka mid ah, 181 xubnood waxay ansixiyeen heshiiska qaabdhismeedkaXakamaynta tubaakada, oo daboolaya 90% dadweynaha adduunka.Wadamadu waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u samaynayaan dhimis qiiqa iyaga u gaar ah ama xitaa qorshayaal aan sigaar cabbin.
Laakiin xaqiiqo aan la dafiri karin, waxaa hadda dunida ku nool ilaa hal bilyan oo sigaar dhaqameed.Haddii aysan jirin wax beddelaad ah ama kaabista alaabooyinka kale si ay u siiyaan macaamiisha sigaarka dhaqameed fursado iyo fursado badan, aad ayay u adkaan doontaa in la gaaro dhimista heerarka sigaarka ama xitaa qorshayaasha aan qiiqa lahayn ee ay dejiyeen dalal kala duwan.Soo ifbaxa alaabta sigaarka elektarooniga ah ayaa buuxisay booskan dareen ahaan.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, caalami ahe-sigaarkaAlaabooyinka waxaa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood: sigaar la'aan iyo qiiq la'aan sida isticmaalkooda.Waxaa ka mid ah, waxaa jira alaabooyin qiiq ah iyadoo loo eegayo mabaadi'dooda shaqo, kuwaas oo loo qaybin karo laba nooc: sigaarka elektarooniga ah ee atomization iyo sigaarka elektarooniga ah ee kulaylka aan guban (HNB).Sigaarka elektarooniga ah ee atomized ayaa keena gaas iyada oo loo marayo dareeraha atomize si ay dadku u cabbaan;HNB sigaarka elektarooniga ah waxay dhaliyaan gaas iyagoo kululeynaya tubaakada, taasoo u dhow qiiqa dhabta ah.Marka la eego, sigaarka elektarooniga ah ee atomized ayaa asal ahaan ka duwan sigaarka dhaqanka.Sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee HNB wuxuu ku kala duwan yahay kaliya habka ay u soo saaraan qiiqa.
Sidaa darteed, dareenkan, sigaarka elektarooniga ah ee atomizing sigaarka ayaa ah wakiilka caadiga ah ee alaabta sigaarka elektarooniga ah.Warbixintan, haddii aan si kale loo cayimin, alaabta sigaarka elektarooniga ah waa sigaarka elektarooniga ah.
"Yaraynta waxyeelada” waa qiimaha suuqa ee sigaarka elektarooniga ah
Tan iyo markii la aasaasay 2003,e-sigaarkawax soo saarka ayaa soo maray in ka badan toban sano oo horumarineed.Foomka wax soo saarka ayaa noqday mid aad iyo aad u qumman, iyo hawlaha iyo waayo-aragnimada ayaa si joogto ah loo hagaajiyay.Gaar ahaan, sifooyinka "yaraynta waxyeelada" eee-sigaarkawaxay si tartiib tartiib ah u heleen aqoonsi suuq iyo hay'ad.
Marka la barbardhigo sigaarka dhaqameedka, sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ma guban, kuma jiraan daamur, kuma jiraan in ka badan 460 walxo kiimiko ah oo keeni kara cudurrada neef-mareenka iyo wadnaha marka sigaarka caadiga ah la gubo, taas oo meesha ka saaraysa kansarka sigaarka caadiga ah..
Daraasada CDC ee Maraykanka waxay aaminsan tahay in waxa ku jira nitrosamine metabolite tubaakada NNAL ee ku jirta kaadida nebulized/ uumiga e-sigareet (ENDS) aad u hooseeya, taas oo ah 2.2% dadka isticmaala sigaarka iyo 0.6% tubaakada aan qiiqa lahayn. isticmaalayaasha.Nitrosamines-gaar ah tubaakada ayaa ah kansarka ugu weyn ee tubaakada.Ururka caafimaadka Ingiriiska ayaa sidoo kale sheegay in marka la barbar dhigo sigaarka dhaqameed, ay hoos u dhigi karto khatarta caafimaadka ugu yaraan 95%.Waxaa la dhihi karaa is burinta udhaxeysa baahida caafimaad ee macaamiisha sigaarka dhaqameed iyo dhibcooyinka xanuunka joojinta sigaarka ayaa la xaliyay ilaa xad.
Pan Helin, oo ah madaxa fulinta ee Machadka Dhaqaalaha Dijital ah ee Jaamacadda Dhaqaalaha iyo Sharciga ee Zhongnan, ayaa sheegay in "dhimista waxyeellada" ee sigaarka elektaroonigga ah uu yahay qiimihiisa ugu weyn, suuquna wuxuu leeyahay baahidan oo kale, sidaas darteed horumarkiisu waa mid degdeg ah. .Iyo Yao Jianming, oo ah borofisar ka tirsan Iskuulka Ganacsiga ee Jaamacadda Renmin ee Shiinaha, ayaa sheegay in alaabada sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ay aad ugu cusub yihiin fikradda oo si dhab ah loo hirgelin karo ficil ahaan, taas oo sidoo kale qiimo u leh bulshada.
Sigaarka elektaroonigga ah waxaa laga yaabaa inuu yareeyo kharashka caafimaadka
Cudurrada iyo culaysyada dhaqaale ee uu keeno sigaarku waxay had iyo jeer ahaayeen diiradda dareenka bulshada.Sida lagu sheegay warbixin 2018 ah oo ay soo saartay Action for Sigaarka iyo Caafimaadka Boqortooyada Midowday, Kharashaadka sanadlaha ee Boqortooyada Midowday ee sigaar cabista ayaa gaaray 12.6 bilyan rodol, oo ay ku jiraan Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka ee Ingiriiska (NHS) kharashyada caafimaadka iyo caafimaadka ee ku dhawaad 2.5 bilyan gini.
Dalka Maraykanka, marka loo eego "Kharashka Daryeelka Caafimaadka Sannadlaha ah ee loo aanayn karo Sigaarka Sigaarka: Cusboonaysiinta" maqaal lagu daabacay 2014 ee Joornaalka Maraykanka ee Daawada Ka Hortagga ah, falanqaynta kharashyada caafimaadka ee 2006 ilaa 2010 waxay ogaatay in 8.7% kharashyada caafimaadka sanadlaha ah Maraykanka waxa loo aanayn karaa sigaarka, ilaa 170 bilyan oo doolarka Maraykanka ah sannadkii;in ka badan 60% kharashaadka la tilmaami karo waxaa bixiya barnaamijyada dadweynaha.
Shiinaha, warbixin ay soo saartay Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Horumarinta Caafimaadka Qaranka ee Guddiga Caafimaadka Qaranka ayaa tilmaantay in culeyska dhaqaale ee cudurrada la xiriira tubaakada ee waddankeyga 2018 uu ahaa 3.8 trillion yuan, oo u dhiganta 4.12% GDP sanadkaas;kuwaas oo, 83.35% ay ahayd culays dhaqaale oo dadban, taas oo ah, Luminta wax soo saarka bulsheed, oo ay ku jiraan naafo iyo dhimasho dhicis ah.
Isla markaana, cudurrada la xidhiidha tubaakada ayaa isticmaala ku dhawaad 15% ilaha caafimaadka ee dalkayga.Haddii loo arko cudur, markaas waxaa la geli karaa kaalinta labaad.
Sidaa darteed, iyada oo la dhimayo saamiga macaamiisha sigaarka dhaqameed ee loo marayo sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, natiijada kharashka caafimaadka iyo kharashyada kale ee bulshada waa la dhimi doonaa si waafaqsan.Ururka Caafimaadka Ingiriiska ayaa ogaaday in sigaarka elektaroonigga ah uu kordhin karo heerka guusha joojinta sigaar cabista ilaa 50%.Tani waa sababta UK ay u leedahay dabeecad togan oo ku wajahan alaabta sigaarka elektaroonigga ah marka loo eego Maraykanka.Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Mareykanka ayaa ah kuwa ugu badan ee isticmaala sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee adduunka.Boqortooyada Midowday (UK) waxay taageertaa sigaarka elektaroonigga ah alaab ahaan sigaar cabbayaasha dhaqameed si ay u joojiyaan sigaarka ama ay u yareeyaan waxyeelada sigaarka dhaqameed.
"Silsilad warshadeed + sumad" laba-taayir baabuur si kor loogu qaado qiimaha warshadaha
Marka loo eego isbeddellada horumarinta caalamiga ah, miisaanka suuqa sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ayaa sii kordhaya oo saamigiisuna wuu sii kordhayaa.Afarta shirkadood ee ugu waaweyn tubaakada adduunka, Philip Morris International, British American Tubaako, Japan Tubaakada, iyo Tubaakada Imperial ayaa suuqa ku jira iyagoo helaya soona saaray noocyo u gaar ah;hadda, sigaarka elektaroonigga ah (oo ay ku jiraan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, sigaarka HNB e-sigaarka) ayaa ku xisaabtamaya saamiga dakhliga la gaarey 18.7%, 4.36%, 3.17%, 3.56% siday u kala horreeyaan, taasoo muujineysa kor u kac.
Inkasta oo warshadaha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ay bilaabeen goor dambe, waxay faa'iidooyin ku leeyihiin silsiladda warshadaha.Shirkadaha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ayaa ku jira booska hogaaminta saxda ah ee bartamaha iyo sare ee silsiladda warshadaha.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxay samaysteen silsilad dhamaystiran oo warshadeed laga bilaabo alaab-qeybiyeyaasha alaabta ceeriin ee kor u kaca ilaa naqshadeeyayaasha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah iyo soosaarayaasha, iyo shirkadaha iibka hoose.Tani waxay ku habboon tahay soo-celinta degdega ah ee alaabta ee shirkadaha Shiinaha ee sigaarka elektaroonigga ah iyo xaqiijinta habka wax-soo-saarka ee isku-dhafka R&D, naqshadeynta iyo wax-soo-saarka.
Isla mar ahaantaana, sababtoo ah sigaarka elektaroonigga ah waxaa si cad u riixaya tiknoolajiyada iyo alaabooyinka, iyo shirkadaha Shiinaha waxay u muuqdaan inay bixiyaan feejignaan dheeraad ah waayo-aragnimada macaamiisha, tani waxay ilaa xad u beddeli doontaa faa'iidooyinka sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha, taas oo si dhakhso ah u awoodi karta. fahmaan isticmaalka heerar kala duwan oo dhaqaale iyo deegaan dhaqameed ee dibada.BaahiyahaYao Jianming waxa uu aaminsan yahay in caalamaynta badeecadaha ay tahay in marka hore la waafajiyo caadooyinka nolosha deegaanka, dhaqanka, caadooyinka, iwm, si loo furo suuqa caalamiga ah.
Shirkadaha Shiineeska ah ee sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee ka beddelay shirkadaha Internetka, waxaa dhaqaajin kara khibradda isticmaaleyaasha, waxay ku fiican yihiin isdhexgalka silsiladda warshadaha, wax soo saarkooduna waxay ku gaari karaan soo noqnoqosho degdeg ah, taas oo sida muuqata ku habboon ballaarintooda suuqa caalamiga ah.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, RELX, hogaamiyaha goobtan Shiinaha, wuxuu leeyahay dakhligiisa dibadda 25% wadarta dakhliga oo wali wuu sii korayaa.
Sidaa darteed, si ka duwan noocyada casriga ah sida Xiaomi iyo Huawei, kuwaas oo dhisi kara faa'iidooyinka summada bislaaday iyada oo loo marayo suuqa macaamiisha gudaha ee xooggan iyo dadka ka hor inta aan la aadin dibadda, sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ma laha xaaladahan oo kale iyadoo ay saameynayaan siyaasadaha.Haddii macnaha guud, haddii kantaroolku ku habboon yahay, iyo calaamadda sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ayaa weli dhisi karta wacyigelin calaamad xooggan oo dibadda ah, waxay noqon doontaa tixraac wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay noocyada kale ee Shiinaha si ay u aadaan dibadda.
Sidan oo kale, ku tiirsanaanta "silsiladda warshadaha + sumadda" darawalnimada laba-geesoodka ah waxay awood u yeelan doontaa in ay gaarto kor u qaadista qiimaha e-sigaarka Shiinaha ee silsiladda warshadaha caalamiga ah.
Taageerada ku habboon summadaha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah si kor loogu qaado qiimahooda ganacsiga shisheeye
Iyada oo ku saleysan heerka silsiladda warshadaha gaarka ah ee Shiinaha, suuqa sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee hadda jira ayaa sameeyay qaab “Made in China, Consumption in Europe iyo America”.Sannadkii 2018, sigaarka elektarooniga ah ee lagu sameeyo Shiinaha ayaa ka ahaa in ka badan 90% wadarta guud ee caalamka, 80% ka mid ahna waxaa loo iib geeyey suuqyada Yurub iyo Ameerika.Sida laga soo xigtay xogta Leyi, sanadka 2019, wadar ahaan 218 waddan iyo gobollada adduunka ayaa sigaarka elektarooniga ah ka iibsaday Shiinaha, qiimaha Shiinaha ee dhoofinta wuxuu ahaa 76.585 bilyan yuan.
In kasta oo uu cudurku saameeyay sannadka 2020, iibka khadka tooska ah iyo silsiladaha sahayda ee suuqyada Yurub iyo Ameerika waa ay saamayn doontaa.Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka loo eego xogta suuqa, tusaale ahaan, summada sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Anglo International waxay gaartay dakhli dhan 265 milyan ginni qeybtii hore ee 2020, koror sannad-sannadka 40.8%.Xogta la socodka Nielsen ee April 3 ilaa May 2 ayaa muujisay in iibka guud ee sigaarka elektaroonigga ah uu hoos u dhacay 12.8%, waxaana la filayaa in heerka kobaca sanadlaha ahi uu noqon doono 16.3%.Sidaa darteed, saameynta faafitaanka ee suuqa sigaarka elektaroonigga ah waa mid xaddidan, iyo isbeddelka dhoofinta guud ma yeelan doono isbeddel aasaasi ah.
Isla mar ahaantaana, siyaasadaha sharciyeynta ee suuqyada Yurub iyo Ameerika ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u soo baxaya, iyo baahida loo qabo dhimista waxyeellada iyo joojinta sigaarka ayaa weli jirta, oo ay weheliso aan la beddeli karin ee silsiladda sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha muddo gaaban, sidaas awgeed hadda qaab dhismeedka suuqa ayaa sii wadi doona in la ilaaliyo.
Laakiin waxaa loo baahan yahay in la xoojiyo in qiimaha dheeriga ah ee wax soo saarka OEM uu yahay mid aad u hooseeya sababtoo ah qiimaha sare ee silsiladda warshadaha ayaa ku yaal dhamaadka naqshadeynta R&D iyo iibinta astaanta.Liu Yuanju, oo ah cilmi-baare ka tirsan Machadka Maaliyadda iyo Sharciga ee Shanghai, ayaa ku nuuxnuuxsaday in ay suurtogal tahay in la dhiso waddo horumarineed oo ah noocyada madax-bannaan ee OEM-yada waaweyn, si loo kordhiyo qiimaha dheeraadka ah.Marka lagu daro astaanta, Pan Helin waxay aaminsan tahay in tignoolajiyada muhiimka ah ee muhiimka ah ay si isku mid ah muhiim u yihiin, haddii kale dariiqa caalamiyeynta ma sii socon doonto muddo dheer haddii ay ku tiirsan tahay kaliya waddooyinka qiimaha ama kobaca ballaaran.Sidaa darteed, soosaarayaasha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ayaa wali u baahan inay hagaajiyaan heerkooda R&D ama faa'iidada astaanta, oo ay u horumariyaan silsiladda qiimaha sare leh ee silsiladda warshadaha.
Marka laga soo tago awoodda shirkaddu leedahay, haddii siyaasaduhu si habboon u taageeri karaan summadaha gudaha iyo ballaarinta suuqyada dibadda, waxay kor u qaadi doontaa heerka ganacsiga shisheeye iyo qiimaha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee waddankeyga.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-30-2020